What is the penumbra in stroke?
“Penumbra” is the term used for the reversibly injured brain tissue around ischemic core; which is the pharmacological target for acute ischemic stroke treatment (Astrup et al. 1981a). The goal to treat ischemic stroke is to salvage the penumbra as much and early as possible.
How is atherosclerosis classified?
The classification consists of 6 different numeric categories to include early lesions of initial type I, adaptive intimal thickening; type II, fatty streak; and type III, transitional or intermediate lesions; and advanced plaques characterized as type IV, atheroma; type V, fibroatheroma or atheroma with thick fibrous …
Which feature of an advanced atherosclerotic lesion in arteries is believed to lead to morbidity and death?
Morbidity and mortality from atherosclerosis is largely due to type IV and type V lesions in which disruptions of the lesion surface, hematoma or hemorrhage, and thrombotic deposits have developed (Fig 3).
How long is permissive hypertension after stroke?
The strategy of “permissive hypertension” involves stopping blood pressure medications for a set period of time after a stroke—usually no more than 24 to 48 hours—in order to widen blood vessels and improve blood flow in the brain.
What causes ischemic penumbra?
The ischemic penumbra was initially defined by Symon, Lassen and colleagues in the 1970s as an area of brain tissue with inadequate blood flow to maintain electric activity of neurons but adequate blood flow to preserve the function of the ion channels.
What are the 2 types of arteriosclerosis?
Arteriosclerosis subtypes
- hyperplastic type.
- hyaline type.
When is permissive hypertension treated?
Current guidelines support permissive hypertension in the early course of acute ischemic stroke. For patients with marked elevation in blood pressure, a reasonable goal would be to lower blood pressure by 15% during the first 24 hours after onset of stroke.
What is the normal BP for stroke patients?
This translates to a target blood pressure of <140/90 mm Hg for most stroke patients and <130/80 mm Hg for patients with diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease.
Is an embolic stroke a mini stroke?
An embolic stroke occurs when a blood clot that forms elsewhere in the body breaks loose and travels to the brain via the bloodstream. When the clot lodges in an artery and blocks the flow of blood, this causes a stroke. This is a type of ischemic stroke.
Are thrombotic or embolic strokes more common?
There are 2 kinds of ischemic stroke: thrombotic stroke and embolic stroke. Together, the two types of ischemic stroke account for about 87% of all strokes. Thrombotic stroke, the most common type, happens when a blood clot (called a thrombus) blocks the blood flow to parts of the brain.