What caused the grain procurement crisis?
This dissertation tests the premise that peasant hoarding of surplus grain supplies and the refusal of the rural Soviet peasants to sell grain to state procurement apparatus during the late New Economic Policy period, caused the Grain Crisis of 1928.
What is grain requisition?
Grain requisitions from peasant households by the Soviet state during the period of war communism (1918–1921). The policy of grain requisition was used as an instrument of class warfare in the countryside, setting poor and middle peasants against rich peasants, the so-called kulaks. …
When was the grain procurement crisis?
1928
For the year October 1927–October 1928, grain procurements fell by fourteen percent relative to the same period a year earlier, although the harvest was down by only seven to eight percent. The grain crisis of 1928 was a critical turning point in Soviet economic and political history.
What was the reason for hoarding grains in Russia?
Stalin took measures to confiscate supplies and supervise forced grain collections. The government raided the grain supplies of Kulaks. The government identified hoarding of grains as the only reason for grain shortage.
What was the state grain procurement?
The means by which the state obtains large grain reserves to feed the armed forces, the civil service, and the industrial work force, to use as export, and to be fully able to satisfy the consumption needs of the population.
What was grain requisitioning in Russia?
‘food apportionment’) was a policy and campaign of confiscation of grain and other agricultural products from peasants at nominal fixed prices according to specified quotas (the noun razvyorstka, Russian: развёрстка, and the verb razverstat, refer to the partition of the requested total amount as obligations from the …
What was a state grain procurement?
Was War Communism successful?
War communism was largely successful at its primary purpose of aiding the Red Army in halting the advance of the White Army and in reclaiming most of the territory of the former Russian Empire thereafter.
When was grain requisitioning in Russia?
More exactly, the policy of War Communism lasted from June 1918 to March 1921. The policy’s chief features were the expropriation of private business and the nationalization of industry throughout Soviet Russia and the forced requisition of surplus grain and other food products from the peasantry by the state.
Are there still collective farms in Russia?
Today, roughly 7 percent of the planet’s arable land is either owned by the Russian state or by collective farms, but about a sixth of all that agricultural land — some 35 million hectares — lies fallow.
Why was collectivization a failure?
But the peasants objected violently to abandoning their private farms. In many cases, before joining the kolkhozy they slaughtered their livestock and destroyed their equipment. The losses, as well as the animosity toward the Soviet regime, became so great that Stalin decided to slow down the collectivization process.
Who started the collectivisation Programme in Russia?
Joseph Stalin
The Soviet Union introduced the collectivization (Russian: Коллективизация) of its agricultural sector between 1928 and 1940 during the ascension of Joseph Stalin. It began during and was part of the first five-year plan.
Where can I find market data and grain prices?
All market data and grain prices are provided by Barchart Solutions. Cash Bids are based on at least 10 minute delayed futures prices, and are subject to change. Information is provided as is and solely for informational purposes, not for trading purposes or advice, and is delayed. AgWeb is the farmer’s source for agriculture news online.
What was the grain procurement of the Soviet Union in 1925?
The Soviet economic year (October 1 to September 30) 1925/26 had generated state grain procurement of 8.4 million tons. This was far exceeded in 1926/27, when a post-revolutionary record harvest of 76.8 million tons resulted in a state procurement of 10.6 million tons at stable prices.
Why did the Soviet grain price system fail?
Failure of the state to make successful use of the price system to generate sufficient grain sales was met with a regimen of increasingly harsh administrative sanctions against the Soviet peasantry.