What is the main function of cytochrome P450?
Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are enzymes that oxidize substances using iron and are able to metabolize a large variety of xenobiotic substances. CYP enzymes are linked to a wide array of reactions including and O-dealkylation, S-oxidation, epoxidation, and hydroxylation.
Where are cytochrome p450s found?
Cytochrome P450 enzymes are primarily found in liver cells but are also located in cells throughout the body. While a large body of knowledge exists on the role of CYP450s in xenobiotic metabolism, recent studies have begun to reveal the endogenous functions carried out by this important superfamily of enzymes.
What does CYP substrate mean?
Definitions. substrates are drugs or other substances (xenobiotics) which are metabolized by cytochrome enzymes including 1. pharmacologically active drugs which require metabolism to inactive form for clearance from the body.
What is the role of cytochromes?
cytochrome, any of a group of hemoprotein cell components that, by readily undergoing reduction and oxidation (gain and loss of electrons) with the aid of enzymes, serve a vital function in the transfer of energy within cells.
Why is it called cytochrome P450?
The name “cytochrome P450 enzymes” is derived due to their several characteristics; they are bound to the membrane of cells (cyto) and contain heme pigment (chrome and P). When bound to carbon monoxide, these proteins produce a spectrum with a wavelength at approximately 450 nm.
What does CYP stand for?
CYP
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|---|
| CYP | Cytochrome P450 (biochemistry) |
| CYP | Children and Young People (British Psychological Society) |
| CYP | Company of Young Professionals (Canada) |
| CYP | Clubs for Young People (UK) |
What are cytochrome P450 substrates?
Cytochrome P450s are heme-containing enzymes catalyzing the mixed-function oxidation of endogenous substrates, as well as xenobiotic molecules [1-4]. P450s are found in most living systems, from bacteria to humans, with more than 8500 P450 genes reported to date (drnelson.utmem.edu/CytochromeP450.html) [5, 6].
What does CYP mean in pharmacology?
Abbreviation for cytochrome P450 enzymes; usually followed by an arabic numeral, a letter, and another arabic numeral (for example, CYP 2D6). These enzymes are found in and on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of liver and other cells and are responsible for a large number of drug biotransformation reactions.