What is human adenovirus type 5?
Human species C adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) is the most common viral vector used in clinical studies worldwide. Ad5 vectors infect liver cells in vivo with high efficiency via a poorly defined mechanism, which involves virus binding to vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation factors.
What is adenovirus type 5 DNA?
Biology of Wild Type Human Adenovirus (type 5) Wild-type adenoviruses, including human adenovirus type 5, are associated with a number of mild disorders, such as respiratory infections in the elderly or children. The entire adenovirus genome is a linear, double-stranded DNA of approximately 36Kb.
What type of genome does adenovirus have?
The adenovirus genome is a single linear molecule of double-stranded DNA (26 163–48 395 bp) containing an inverted terminal repeat (ITR) of 30–371 bp at its termini, with the 5′ ends of each DNA strand linked covalently to a virus-coded terminal protein (TP). The nucleotide composition is 33.6–67.6% G + C.
Does adenovirus have a segmented genome?
The adenoviral genomes are linear, non-segmented double-stranded DNA with sizes ranging from 26 kb to 45 kb in length, depending on the serotype. The genome of the commonly-used human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) is approximately 36 kb (Fig. 1).
Is human adenovirus 5 a tumor virus?
Introduction. Papillomaviruses, polyomaviruses and adenoviruses are collectively categorized as the small DNA tumour viruses based on their small double-stranded DNA genome sizes and their ability to induce cancer in either experimental systems or real-world contexts.
What is human adenovirus?
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are non-enveloped viruses and have a linear, unsegmented double-stranded DNA as a genome. 172. Adenovirus infections are widespread and highly infectious, most commonly affecting the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system.
How many genes are in adenovirus?
38 genes
The 38 genes in the Human adenovirus E genome are organized in 17 transcription units, each containing 1-8 coding sequences.
Is adenovirus lytic or lysogenic?
Species C adenoviruses typically establish a lytic infection in human epithelial cells and produce progeny virus as soon as 12 h postinfection (hpi). During such a lytic infection, cell proliferation ceases and the infected cells die within a few days (2).
Does adenovirus DNA integrate into host genome?
Synopsis of previous analyses. Work on and with adenovirus vectors is premised on the unproven claim that these vectors are safe because adenovirus DNA would “not integrate”into the recipient cells’ genomes. There is no solid evidence for this interpretation.
What cell types does adenovirus infect?
Currently, about 110 human adenovirus (HAdV) types and genotypes are known and classified into seven species (A-G). AdVs infect the respiratory organs, the eyes, the kidney, the gastrointestinal tract and blood cells. On a population scale, AdVs emerge unpredictable, and can cause human epidemics.
How do you get human adenovirus?
You can get it from contact with a person’s hands who have touched infected eyes (conjunctiva) or nose or cough mucus. A person with diarrhea can pass the virus on from contact with the stool. A person can get virus from touching surfaces or things a person with infection has coughed or sneezed on or touched.
Is adenovirus human to human transmission?
There are several ways that an adenovirus infection spreads from person to person. Close contact with an infected person, such as touching, is a common way the infection spreads. It can also spread by droplets in the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.