What is dual-use research of concern?
Dual Use Research of Concern (DURC) is life sciences research that, based on current understanding, can be reasonably anticipated to provide knowledge, information, products, or technologies that could be directly misapplied to pose a significant threat with broad potential consequences to public health and safety.
What are some other examples of the concept of dual-use?
Examples. Examples of dual-use goods and technology include global positioning satellites, missiles, nuclear technology, chemical and biological tools, night vision technology, thermal imaging, some models of drones, aluminum pipes with precise specifications or certain kinds of ball bearings.
What is dual-use material?
Dual use items include materials, components or complete systems used in production or development of military goods and weapons of mass destruction. Some examples include night vision systems, parachutes, plant pathogens, bacteria and electronics components such as transistors.
What is dual-use control?
Dual-use and arms trade controls are the policies states employ in order to control the international movement of military products and dual-use items, i.e. goods, software and technologies that have the potential to be used for both civilian and military applications.
Who uses dual?
Dual-use research of concern (DURC) describes research that is intended to provide a clear benefit, but which could easily be misapplied to do harm. It usually refers to work in the life sciences, but the principles are also applicable to other fields including engineering and information technology.
What is dual use gain of function research?
The conundrum of dual use research of concern was crystallized by the so-called “gain-of-function” type of experiments in which avian influenza viruses were endowed with new properties in the laboratory such as increased virulence and the capacity for mammalian transmission.
How can you tell if an item is dual-use?
Dual-use items have a primary commercial/civil application but have also have the potential for military or weapons applications.
Why do dual-use goods have sanctions?
UN sanctions having as an object dual-use goods are economic in nature, but their aim is to obtain political or policy results, such as the determination of a change in political regime change, the blockage of a proliferation program, the end of the violation of human rights and democratic liberties, etc.
What are dual-use export controls?
The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) of the U.S. Department of Commerce is responsible for regulating the export of most commercial items, often referred to as “dual-use” items which are those having both commercial and military or proliferation applications.
What is a dual-use document?
In which of these disciplines would you find potential for dual use of research?
Dual use research is most often identified with the area of life sciences, but it can be found in almost any discipline. Arts and humanities researchers have a responsibility to consider the ways in which their research might be used.
What are dual-use goods products and technologies that?
Dual-use items are goods, software and technology that can be used for both civilian and military applications.
What is dual use research of concern (DURC)?
The United States Government’s oversight of DURC is aimed at preserving the benefits of life sciences research while minimizing the risk of misuse of the knowledge, information, products, or technologies provided by such research. For additional information, please visit the NIH Office of Science Policy, Dual Use Research of Concern.
What if there is a concern about dual use issues?
If there is concern about dual use issues, the matter is referred to the NIH Deputy Director for Intramural Research’s Dual Use Committee
What is the United States government policy on dual use research?
In September 2014, the “United States Government Policy for Institutional Oversight of Life Sciences Dual Use Research of Concern” was published, in order to identify DURC and mitigate it “at the institutional level” such as universities.
Is your research sensitive to the potential dual use?
Sensitivity regarding the potential dual use of any research should be reviewed in the context of the proper conduct of research. The Office of Biotechnology Activities (OBA) has an online Educational Tool , developed by the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity that is recommend for all new scientific staff.