What are the side effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
Adverse effects include flatulence, diarrhea, and abdominal pain from the presence of undigested carbohydrates in the lower gastrointestinal tract. These effects tend to decrease with continued use. When given alone, α-glucosidase inhibitors do not cause hypoglycemia.
What are the contraindications to therapy with alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
α-Glucosidase inhibitors are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug, in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis or inflammatory bowel disease, colonic ulceration, partial intestinal obstruction or in patients predisposed to intestinal obstruction.
Can probiotics cause low blood sugar?
plantatum were selected and mixed to evaluate their hypoglycemic effect in animal model, and results of our preliminary test indicated that the probiotic combination did significantly lower the blood glucose level compared with model group (p < 0.05), showing their potential use as hypoglycemic therapy (Fig.
Which medications inhibit the enzyme alpha-glucosidase?
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are pills that treat type 2 diabetes. There are two medications in this group, or class, of drugs: acarbose (Precose) and miglitol (Glyset). They help keep the amount of glucose in your blood from going up too fast after you eat.
What are the most common side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors?
The most common side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors include genital yeast infections, flu-like symptoms and a sudden urge to urinate. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration also warns of more rare but serious issues such as amputations, kidney injury and ketoacidosis.
What are the side effects of incretin therapies?
The most common side effects reported are headache, nasopharyngitis, and upper respiratory tract infection. At this time, major safety concerns with incretin-based therapies (GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors) include: pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and thyroid carcinoma.
Why are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors contraindicated in inflammatory bowel disease?
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors competitively inhibit enzymes involved in the digestion of carbohydrates. Increased gas formation in the intestines due to fermentation of the undigested carbohydrates can worsen or aggravate intestinal problems.
Which of the following is a side effect of incretin therapies?
Should diabetics take probiotics?
There is no evidence to suggest that diabetics should not take probiotics – although research into this subject area is limited, there is nothing that indicates probiotics are unsafe for those with diabetes. There is no evidence to suggest that diabetics should not take probiotics.
Can probiotics raise blood pressure?
The results from this meta-analysis of 9 randomized, controlled trials showed that consuming probiotics may lead to a modest but significant reduction of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
What is an example of an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor?
Examples of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors include: Acarbose- Precose or Glucobay. Miglitol – Glyset. Voglibose.
What races are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors more effective in?
Background: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are recommended in some international guidelines as first-line, second-line and third-line treatment options but are not used worldwide due to perceived greater effectiveness in Asians than Caucasians.
What are the side effects of α-glucosidase inhibitors?
α-Glucosidase inhibitors are associated with significant gastrointestinal side effects that affect over 50% of individuals. Increased colonic gas production due to fermentation of unabsorbed carbohydrate cause abdominal bloating, cramping, increased flatulence, or diarrhea.
How do alpha glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) work?
Alpha glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are a unique class of anti-diabetic drugs. Derived from bacteria, these oral drugs are enzyme inhibitors which do not have a pancreato -centred mechanism of action. Working to delay carbohydrate absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, they control postprandial h …
How effective are alpha glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes?
Alpha glucosidase inhibitors are recommended for persons with type 2 diabetes who have poorly controlled blood glucose despite using other diabetic medications. These are typically not first-line, but can be used in special situations. On average, most patients find that their Hb A1c levels drop by approximately 0.5% on these medications.
What do we know about α-glucosidase from the human gut?
We have previously reported crystal structures of an α-glucosidase from the human gut bacterium Blaubia (Ruminococcus) obeum (Ro-αG1) and its substrate preference/specificity switc … Carbohydrate hydrolyzing α-glucosidases are commonly found in microorganisms present in the human intestine microbiome.