What causes ocular bobbing?
`Typical’ ocular bobbing occurs in patients with paralysis of horizontal conjugate eye movements and consists of abrupt, spontaneous downward jerks of the eyes with a slow return to the mid position. The `monocular’ type reflects co-existing unilateral third nerve paresis in addition to the bobbing.
What is ocular dipping?
A slow conjugate downward movement of the eyes, followed by a rapid return to midposition, has been. termed ocular dipping (or inverse ocular bobbing) and has been seen following anoxic coma or after.
What is Disconjugate eye Movement?
Geometrically, binocular movements are disconjugate, if amplitude and/or direction are unequal for both eyes. Considering the full kinematics of eye rota- tions, the term ‘direction’ includes ocular rotation about the line of sight, which is an important degree of freedom to ensure extrafoveal retinal correspondence.
What are square wave jerks?
Square wave jerks (SWJ) are defined as saccadic intrusions observed during fixation. They correspond to sporadic involuntary. horizontal conjugate saccades away from the. intended position of fixation, followed after an. interval by a saccadic return to the fixation.
What is Spasmus Nutans?
Spasmus nutans is a disorder affecting infants and young children. It involves rapid, uncontrolled eye movements, head bobbing, and sometimes, holding the neck in an abnormal position.
What does ocular flutter look like?
Ocular flutter consists of bursts of moderately large-amplitude, horizontal, back-to-back saccades without intersaccadic intervals. Blurred vision and oscillopsia usually are present.
How common is ocular flutter?
Ocular flutter is a rare ophthalmic finding that could represent paraneoplastic phenomena. In adults it is most commonly associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Most patients also present with other neurological defects. We report the case of a 75-year-old woman who presented with isolated ocular flutter.
What does conjugate gaze mean?
Conjugate gaze is the ability of the eyes to work together or in unison. It refers to the motion of both eyes in the same direction at the same time. The eyes can look laterally (left/right), upward, or downward. Disorders in conjugate gaze refer to the inability to look in a certain direction with both eyes.
Is gaze evoked nystagmus normal?
Gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN) is defined as nystagmus that occurs when the eyes are held in an eccentric position but not in the primary position. Studies suggest that it is present in more than 50% of the population with normal vision and is more common in fatigued subjects.