What does the GAPDH gene do?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) has long been recognized as an important enzyme for energy metabolism and the production of ATP and pyruvate through anaerobic glycolysis in the cytoplasm.
Why is GAPDH used as a control in PCR?
As one of the most common reference genes, GAPDH is often used to normalize the gene expression data, being used as an endogenous control in the quantitative analysis of RT-PCR, since in some experimental systems, its expression is very constant (Edwards and Denhardt 1985; Winer et al. 1999).
What are the other physiological functions of GAPDH?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an energy metabolism-related enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. Recently, it has been reported that GAPDH has other physiological functions, such as apoptosis, DNA repair and autophagy.
What is the normal function of GAPDH and why was it selected as a reference gene?
GAPDH is a key regulatory enzyme, which catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate during glycolysis. β-actin is a cytoskeletal protein involved in cell structure and motility. Based on these basic and ubiquitous cellular functions, GAPDH and β-actin are considered as housekeeping genes.
What does GAPDH stand for?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a glycolytic enzyme whose role in cell metabolism and homeostasis is well defined, while its function in pathologic processes needs further elucidation.
Is GAPDH as housekeeping gene?
Although exceptions to this assumption are well documented, housekeeping genes are of value in fully characterized systems. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is one of the most commonly used housekeeping genes used in comparisons of gene expression data.
Why is G3P important?
G3P is generally considered the prime end-product of photosynthesis and it can be used as an immediate food nutrient, combined and rearranged to form monosaccharide sugars, such as glucose, which can be transported to other cells, or packaged for storage as insoluble polysaccharides such as starch.
How many copies of GAPDH are there in the genome?
Number of putative pseudogenes.
| Human | Mouse | |
|---|---|---|
| Gene | ACTB | Gapdh |
| Number | 64 | 197 |
What protein does GAPDH produce?
GAPDH siRNA Regulates SH-SY5Y Cell Apoptosis Induced by Exogenous alpha-Synuclein Protein. Reactive oxygen species-regulating proteins peroxiredoxin 2 and thioredoxin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase are differentially abundant in induced sputum from smokers with lung cancer or asbestos exposure.
What is the GAPDH gene?
GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GAPDH include Microcephaly 21, Primary, Autosomal Recessive and Aging . Among its related pathways are fMLP Pathway and Glucose metabolism . Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include identical protein binding and NAD binding .
What is the role of GAPDH in energy metabolism?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) has long been recognized as an important enzyme for energy metabolism and the production of ATP and pyruvate through anaerobic glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Recent studies have shown that GAPDH has multiple functions independent of its role in energy metabolism.
What is the role of GAPDH in the pathogenesis of hypoxia?
the glycolytic enzyme GAPDH regulates the gene expression of ccn2 mRNA in trans by acting as a sensor of oxidative stress and redox signals, leading to CCN2 overexpression under the condition of hypoxia and promotion of angiogenesis.
What is the role of p53 and GAPDH in angiogenesis?
p53 regulates biosynthesis through direct inactivation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase the glycolytic enzyme GAPDH regulates the gene expression of ccn2 mRNA in trans by acting as a sensor of oxidative stress and redox signals, leading to CCN2 overexpression under the condition of hypoxia and promotion of angiogenesis.