What is hukou booklet?
China introduced the hukou system in 1958 – a hukou book was assigned to each household to classify the resident’s hukou by their place of origin. The practice continues. The hukou system categorizes each Chinese citizen as either an agricultural (rural) hukou holder or a non-agricultural (urban) hukou holder.
What is the purpose of the hukou system?
In its current version, the Hukou fulfills three main functions: the control of internal migration, the management of social protection, and the preservation of social stability. The control of internal migration is the first objective of the hukou system.
What does the word hukou mean?
Hukou (Chinese: 户口; lit. ‘household individual’) is a system of household registration used in mainland China.
Is the hukou system still exist?
The surprise is that the hukou system still exists today despite the stunning changes that have taken place in China over the past few decades. Some migratory controls were lifted in the late 1970s, in response to a demand for cheap labor in urban factories, but the basic structure remains intact.
How do you get a hukou?
Shanghai’s municipal body has issued guidelines stating who can apply for a Shanghai hukou:
- Those possessing qualified talent, such as having established a startup, owning patents, founder of or senior management in a leading company;
- Those who earned at least a bachelor’s degree overseas;
Why is the hukou system unfair?
“In a country with widespread negative stereotypes about the rural poor, the hukou system only exacerbates the rural-urban divide.” Holding a non-local hukou in an urban area drastically hinders access to basic social services, such as public schooling, subsidized medical care, and unemployment insurance.
How do you get the hukou system?
How to get a Shanghai hukou?
- Talented individuals – those who have a strong educational background, possess expertise in a particular field or hold a position of seniority in a large company;
- Investment – those who make a significant investment in Shanghai;
How do I become a Shanghainese?
Shanghai-based employees who hold a resident permit for at least seven years
- Holding a Shanghai residence permit card for at least seven years;
- Contributing to social insurance in Shanghai for at least seven years – during the period of holding the residence permit card;
What are the disadvantages of the hukou system?
Holding a non-local hukou in an urban area drastically hinders access to basic social services, such as public schooling, subsidized medical care, and unemployment insurance. In a country with widespread negative stereotypes about the rural poor, the hukou system only exacerbates the rural-urban divide.
What are the benefits for people with a hukou for where they are living?
Benefits like health care, pension, and education for free are more accessible if the person is living where they are registered. It makes it hard to buy a property if the hukou is wrong. The hukou system started in 1958 to let the Community Party gain control of China’s population to support the twin policies.
Can foreigners get hukou in China?
Chinese nationals who acquire a foreign nationality are obliged to renounce their Chinese nationality, which also implies that their hukou is cancelled. However, high numbers of former Chinese citizens were reported who are reluctant to cancel their hukou due to the social benefits bound to it.
How do I apply for hukou?
Requirements to Obtain a Shanghai Hukou They must meet additional eligibility criteria, including: A record of completing seven years of payments for urban social insurance during the period they held the residence permit. A record of individual income tax payments during the period when they held the residence permit.
What is a hukou number?
Hukou is a system of household registration used in mainland China. The system itself is more properly called “huji”, and has origins in ancient China; hukou is the registration of an individual in the system.
What are the functions of the hukou system?
Performing four crucial functions (see Functions and Implications ), this system helps stabilize the Chinese political system and shape the Chinese political economy, while fundamentally affecting individuals’ life chances and social status. The broadest treatment in English, Wang 2005, provides a comprehensive examination of the hukou system.
Is Hukou and HuJI the same thing?
However, the term ” hukou ” is used colloquially to refer to the entire system, and it has been adopted by English-language audiences to refer to both the huji system and an individual’s hukou . An individual household’s register or hukou booklet.
Is China abolishing the hukou system?
“Is China Abolishing the Hukou System?” China Quarterly 195 (2008): 582–606. This article examines the reforms to the hukou system in the early 21st century and concludes that, with its changes, the system is in fact being improved and strengthened, but not abolished.