What type of transporter is DMT1?
The divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) is an H+-driven metal transporter with a principal role in iron transport, and is responsible for iron uptake from the gut and transport from endosomes (Gruenheid et al., 1995; Veuthey and Wessling-Resnick, 2014).
Is DMT1 an active transporter?
Other studies support a role for DMT1 in apical manganese uptake73,74 One study suggests intestinal manganese transport involves active transport,75 but other research suggests mechanisms including passive diffusion are involved.
What does DMT1 stand for?
Abbreviations
| BBB | blood-brain barrier |
|---|---|
| DMT1 | divalent metal transporter 1 |
| Fe2+ | ferrous iron |
| Fe3+ | ferric iron |
| IRE | iron response element |
How does DMT1 work?
The DMT1 protein, also known as Nramp2, SLC11A2, and DCT1, conducts iron transport at two distinct compartments of the cell: (1) It facilitates iron uptake at the apical cell membrane in for instance duodenal enterocytes (Anderson and Vulpe, 2009; Hentze et al., 2010; Rouault, 2013); and (2) It transports iron across …
Where is Hephaestin found?
Hephaestin is found in the RPE cells of humans and mice. RT-PCR was used to make this discovery. Just like with ceruloplasmin, hephaestin helps to export iron across the cell membrane using ferroxidase activity to oxidize iron to its ferric form so that it binds to transferrin.
Where is DMT1 located?
In a section of the small intestine called the duodenum, the DMT1 protein is located within finger-like projections called microvilli. These projections absorb nutrients from food as it passes through the intestine and then release them into the bloodstream.
What is ferritin responsible for?
Ferritin, an iron storage protein, is the primary iron storage mechanism and is critical to iron homeostasis. Ferritin makes iron available for critical cellular processes while protecting lipids, DNA, and proteins from the potentially toxic effects of iron.
Is Hephaestin and hepcidin same?
Hepcidin is released from the liver and interacts with a hephaestin/ferroportin complex on enterocytes and macrophages to decrease iron release by these cells. In the brain, prohepcidin has been identified in the human cerebrospinal fluid and in neuromelanin cells from the substantia nigra.
Who discovered Hephaestin?
Dr. Christopher D. Vulpe
Discovery. Hephaestin was first identified by Dr. Christopher D. Vulpe of the University of California, Berkeley in 1999.
Is ferritin produced in the liver?
Liver ferritin contains mainly the light chain and can store up to 4500 atoms of iron. Hepatocytes are the major site for ferritin synthesis, however most cells that have been assessed can synthesize ferritin to a smaller degree (12, 167).